Clustering dan Visualisasi Data ASN dalam Penunjang Analisis Kecukupan Data di Perangkat Daerah Pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Timur
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30736/jti.v10i2.1440Keywords:
Clustering dan Visualisasi Data, ASN Pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Timur, Pemutakhiran data, Sistem informasi kepegawaian, Metode ElbowAbstract
Penelitian ini mengimplementasikan K-Means, Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM), dan Hierarchical Clustering untuk menganalisis kecukupan data 18.962 ASN Pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Timur dari 232 unit kerja di 38 wilayah administratif. Dataset terdiri dari 8 jenis perangkat daerah dengan Satpol PP (7.231 ASN) dan UPT (6.961 ASN) sebagai kontributor terbesar. Variabel clustering mencakup 12 atribut kelengkapan dokumen kepegawaian dalam format biner: foto ½ badan, foto full body, akta lahir, KTP, NPWP, sumpah jabatan PNS, nota BKN, SPMT, kartu ASN virtual, nomor NPWP, nomor BPJS, dan nomor KK. Metodologi penelitian meliputi preprocessing data dengan normalisasi Min-Max, penghapusan 287 duplikat, dan encoding biner. Metode Elbow menghasilkan cluster optimal k=7 untuk K-Means (distortion score 119.496), k=4 untuk GMM (BIC 119.839), dan k=3 untuk Hierarchical Clustering. Evaluasi menggunakan Silhouette Score, Calinski-Harabasz Index, dan Davies-Bouldin Index menunjukkan K-Means memiliki performa terbaik (0.332, 3412.783, 1.224). K-Means mengidentifikasi 35% ASN kategori High (>80%), 45% Medium (70-79%), dan 20% Low (<70%). GMM menghasilkan distribusi 40% High, 55% Medium, 5% Low plus 14 outlier. Hierarchical Clustering menghasilkan 52% High, 47% Medium, 1% Low. Temuan menunjukkan unit kerja Surabaya memiliki kelengkapan tertinggi (54.27%) dibanding kabupaten lain (<5%). PNS memiliki kelengkapan 90% lebih baik dari PPPK/CPNS. Kartu ASN Virtual dan Nomor KK merupakan dokumen dengan kelengkapan terendah (<40%). Visualisasi melalui dashboard interaktif, heatmap, scatter plot PCA, dan dendrogram memfasilitasi identifikasi prioritas pembenahan data. Model ini dapat diadaptasi untuk mendukung transformasi digital birokrasi di instansi pemerintah lainnya.
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